Fire and Explosion Modelling of A Gas Transmission Pipeline in A Populated Residential Area
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Abstract
Several oil and gas distribution pipeline routes pass through a highly populated residential area. Risk assessment based on consequence analysis is being considered to determine the level of danger to improve safety. This paper focuses on modeling the consequences of gas transmission pipeline leakage by reviewing the impact of explosions and fires. The TNT method and fireball modeling determined the overpressure and heat-flux at each radius. Variations of release volume, radius, and pressure were conducted to obtain heat-flux and overpressure values in several event scenarios. Sensitivity analysis using numerical analysis was conducted to determine the most influential parameters. It was found that the radius of the accident point is the main factor affecting the resulting impact, with a contribution of 86.1% for the fire scenario and 64.5% for the explosion scenario. The explosion and fire modeling results show that the safe zone from the accident point is at a radius of more than 500 meters.
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License and Copyright
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c): Adhitya Ryan Ramadhani, Ahmad Halfan (2024)
How to Cite
Ramadhani, A. R., & Halfan, A. (2024). Fire and Explosion Modelling of A Gas Transmission Pipeline in A Populated Residential Area. MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, 6(2), 177-190. https://doi.org/10.46574/motivection.v6i2.327
References
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[2] N. N. H. Tananta and A. R. Ramadhani, “Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) of Fire and Explosion Cases at Fuel Filling Stations (SPBU),” MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 13–24, 2024.
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[10] M. Dadashzadeh, F. Khan, K. Hawboldt, and P. Amyotte, “An integrated approach for fire and explosion consequence modelling,” Fire Saf J, vol. 61, pp. 324–337, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.09.015.
[11] K. K. E. Assael Marc J, FIRES, EXPLOSIONS, AND TOXIC GAS DISPERSIONS : Effects Calculation and Risk Analysis. 2010.
[12] S. Sklavounos and F. Rigas, “Estimation of safety distances in the vicinity of fuel gas pipelines,” J Loss Prev Process Ind, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 24–31, Jan. 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2005.05.002.
[13] T. Baalisampang, R. Abbassi, V. Garaniya, F. Khan, and M. Dadashzadeh, “Modelling an integrated impact of fire, explosion and combustion products during transitional events caused by an accidental release of LNG,” Process Safety and Environmental Protection, vol. 128, pp. 259–272, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.06.005.
[14] K. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Qian, and P. Huang, “Long-term consequence and vulnerability assessment of thermal radiation hazard from LNG explosive fireball in open space based on full-scale experiment and PHAST,” J Loss Prev Process Ind, vol. 46, pp. 13–22, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2017.01.001.
[15] M. M. Ridwan and A. R. Ramadhani, “Analysis of Fire and Explosion Consequences in Accidents Involving Premium Gasoline Tanker Trucks,” MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2024.
[16] A. C. van den Berg and A. Lannoy, “Methods for vapour cloud explosion blast modelling,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 151–171, Jun. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0304-3894(93)85003-W.
[17] OGP, “Risk Assessment Data Directory,” 2010.
[18] A. M. Al Banna and A. R. Ramadhani, “High Blow-By Pressure Failure Quantification of Doosan Excavator DX300LCA Using Bayesian Network,” MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 593–606, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.46574/motivection.v5i3.282.
[2] N. N. H. Tananta and A. R. Ramadhani, “Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) of Fire and Explosion Cases at Fuel Filling Stations (SPBU),” MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 13–24, 2024.
[3] PHMSA, “ALL REPORTED INCIDENT 20 YEAR TREND,” United States, Feb. 2023.
[4] R. Sebayang, “73 Orang Tewas Akibat Ledakan Pipa Minyak di Meksiko,” www.cnbcindonesia.com.
[5] I. Tanjung, “Ledakan Pipa Sumur Minyak Tewaskan Pekerja di Riau, Dewan Panggil Pihak Perusahaan,” regional.kompas.com.
[6] CNN Indonesia, “Korban Meninggal Kebakaran Pertamina Plumpang Bertambah Jadi 33 Orang Baca artikel CNN Indonesia ‘Korban Meninggal Kebakaran Pertamina Plumpang Bertambah Jadi 33 Orang’ selengkapnya di sini: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20230324103513-20-928782/korban-meninggal-kebakaran-pertamina-plumpang-bertambah-jadi-33-orang,” CNN Indonesia.
[7] M. Dadashzadeh, F. Khan, R. Abbassi, and K. Hawboldt, “Combustion products toxicity risk assessment in an offshore installation,” Process Safety and Environmental Protection, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 616–624, Nov. 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2013.07.001.
[8] B. K. Dhurandher, R. Kumar, and A. Dhiman, “Impact Assessment of Thermal Radiation Hazard from LPG Fireball,” Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, vol. 11, pp. 499–506, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.proeps.2015.06.050.
[9] K. Wang, Y. He, Z. Liu, and X. Qian, “Experimental study on optimization models for evaluation of fireball characteristics and thermal hazards induced by LNG vapor Cloud explosions based on colorimetric thermometry,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 366, pp. 282–292, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.087.
[10] M. Dadashzadeh, F. Khan, K. Hawboldt, and P. Amyotte, “An integrated approach for fire and explosion consequence modelling,” Fire Saf J, vol. 61, pp. 324–337, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.09.015.
[11] K. K. E. Assael Marc J, FIRES, EXPLOSIONS, AND TOXIC GAS DISPERSIONS : Effects Calculation and Risk Analysis. 2010.
[12] S. Sklavounos and F. Rigas, “Estimation of safety distances in the vicinity of fuel gas pipelines,” J Loss Prev Process Ind, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 24–31, Jan. 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2005.05.002.
[13] T. Baalisampang, R. Abbassi, V. Garaniya, F. Khan, and M. Dadashzadeh, “Modelling an integrated impact of fire, explosion and combustion products during transitional events caused by an accidental release of LNG,” Process Safety and Environmental Protection, vol. 128, pp. 259–272, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.06.005.
[14] K. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Qian, and P. Huang, “Long-term consequence and vulnerability assessment of thermal radiation hazard from LNG explosive fireball in open space based on full-scale experiment and PHAST,” J Loss Prev Process Ind, vol. 46, pp. 13–22, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2017.01.001.
[15] M. M. Ridwan and A. R. Ramadhani, “Analysis of Fire and Explosion Consequences in Accidents Involving Premium Gasoline Tanker Trucks,” MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2024.
[16] A. C. van den Berg and A. Lannoy, “Methods for vapour cloud explosion blast modelling,” J Hazard Mater, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 151–171, Jun. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0304-3894(93)85003-W.
[17] OGP, “Risk Assessment Data Directory,” 2010.
[18] A. M. Al Banna and A. R. Ramadhani, “High Blow-By Pressure Failure Quantification of Doosan Excavator DX300LCA Using Bayesian Network,” MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 593–606, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.46574/motivection.v5i3.282.