Planning and Design of a Coffee Peeling Machine with a Capacity of 100 Kg/Hour
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Abstract
This research aims to design a coffee peeling machine with a capacity of 100 kg/hour to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the coffee peeling process, which is currently done manually by Indonesian farmers with limited results. The machine is equipped with a motor, V-belt, pulley, peeling rollers, and a hopper. Test results show an average peeling time of 35 seconds per kilogram, with a capacity of 102.8 kg/hour and an efficiency of 95%. Its innovative design prevents coffee bean buildup, ensures smooth flow, and is easy to use and maintain. This machine not only enhances productivity and coffee quality but also reduces labor costs. By using this machine, farmers can speed up the peeling process and be more efficient in meeting market demands. Further development is recommended to improve material quality, optimize the design, and provide training for farmers on machine use.
Penelitian ini merancang mesin pengupas kulit kopi berkapasitas 100 kg/jam untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas pengupasan kopi, yang selama ini dilakukan secara manual oleh petani di Indonesia dengan hasil yang terbatas. Mesin ini dilengkapi motor penggerak, V-belt, pulley, roller pengupas, dan hopper. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan waktu pengupasan rata-rata 35 detik per kilogram dengan kapasitas 102,8 kg/jam dan efisiensi sebesar 95%. Desain inovatifnya mencegah penumpukan biji, memastikan aliran yang lancar, serta mudah digunakan dan dirawat. Mesin ini tidak hanya meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas kopi, tetapi juga mengurangi biaya tenaga kerja. Dengan penggunaan mesin ini, petani dapat mempercepat proses pengupasan dan lebih efisien dalam memenuhi permintaan pasar. Pengembangan lebih lanjut disarankan untuk meningkatkan kualitas material, optimasi desain, dan pelatihan penggunaan bagi petani.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c): Hidayatur Rahman, Risal Abu, Mukhnizar Mukhnizar, Rahmat Desman Koto (2024)
How to Cite
Rahman, H., Abu, R., Mukhnizar, M., & Koto, R. (2024). Planning and Design of a Coffee Peeling Machine with a Capacity of 100 Kg/Hour. MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, 6(3), 259-270. https://doi.org/10.46574/motivection.v6i3.341
References
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[23] S. Siswadi, S. Riyadi, dan W. Nugroho, “Penerapan Mesin Teknologi Tepat Guna Penggiling Bumbu Pecel Kapasitas 5 Kg/Jam Bagi UMKM Sambi Kerep Surabaya,” Pengabdi. Masy. Dan Inov. Teknol. DIMASTEK, vol. 1, no. 02, Art. no. 02, Okt 2022, doi: 10.38156/dimastek.v1i02.32.
[24] I. Arango dan S. Muñoz Alzate, “Numerical Design Method for CVT Supported in Standard Variable Speed Rubber V-Belts,” Appl. Sci., vol. 10, no. 18, Art. no. 18, Jan 2020, doi: 10.3390/app10186238.
[25] N. Jahan, M. A. Hoque, M. S. I. Sheikh, dan M. A. Gulandaz, “Design and development of maize peeler for farmers in Bangladesh,” Agric. Eng. Int. CIGR J., vol. 21, no. 4, Art. no. 4, Des 2019.
[26] K. Baroroh dkk., “The Design of Pulper Machine To Increase Coffee Production Capacity In Realizing People’s Economy,” J. Din. Vokasional Tek. Mesin, vol. 8, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Apr 2023, doi: 10.21831/dinamika.v8i1.54508.
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[28] X. Li, R. Tao, Y. Xin, dan G. Lubineau, “Cassette-like peeling system for testing the adhesion of soft-to-rigid assemblies,” Int. J. Solids Struct., vol. 251, hlm. 111751, Sep 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2022.111751.
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[31] R. Ramadhan, D. Syahputra, E. W. B. Siahaan, dan H. Sitanggang, “Rancang Bangun Alat Pengering Biji Pinang Menggunakan Pengering Tipe Hohenheim Dengan Kolektor Surya Berkapasitas 5 Kg/Jam,” J. Teknol. Mesin UDA, vol. 3, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Des 2022.
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[33] R. Rifdarmon, P. N. Zofa, E. Alwi, dan D. Fernandez, “Torsi Dan Daya Sepeda Motor Matic 4 Tak Hasil Kemiringan Sudut Drive Pulley,” Ensiklopedia Educ. Rev., vol. 4, no. 3, Art. no. 3, Des 2022, doi: 10.33559/eer.v4i3.1543.
[34] F. M. Borém dan E. T. de Andrade, “Processing and Drying of Coffee,” dalam Drying and Roasting of Cocoa and Coffee, CRC Press, 2019.
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[36] M. Maâ€TMruf, K. Sukarti, E. Purnamasari, dan E. Sulistianto, “Penerapan produksi bersih pada industri pengolahan terasi skala rumah tangga di Dusun Selangan Laut Pesisir Bontang: Application cleaner production options on fermented shrimp processing industry in household scale in Selangan Laut, Bontang Waters,” Nusant. Trop. Fish. Sci. Ilmu Perikan. Trop. Nusant., vol. 1, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Jan 2022, doi: 10.30872/jipt.v1i1.423.
[2] S. A. Nadaf dkk., “Coffee (Coffea spp.),” dalam Soil Health Management for Plantation Crops: Recent Advances and New Paradigms, G. V. Thomas dan V. Krishnakumar, Ed., Singapore: Springer Nature, 2024, hlm. 337–389. doi: 10.1007/978-981-97-0092-9_9.
[3] A. Y. Nasution dan R. Effendi, “Perancangan dan Pembuatan Alat Pengupas Kulit Kopi Basah dengan Kapasitas 120 Kg/Jam,” Turbo J. Program Studi Tek. Mesin, vol. 7, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Des 2018, doi: 10.24127/trb.v7i2.809.
[4] V. B. Panunggul dkk., Pengantar Ilmu Pertanian. Penerbit Widina, 2023.
[5] T. P. Olasari, A. O. Bustomi, dan E. Setyawan, “Optimization of Coffee Farmers in Modern and Traditional Coffee Processing to Increase Selling Price in Lemah Putih Village,” Cirebon Int. J. Econ. Bus., vol. 1, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Okt 2023, doi: 10.24235/cijeb.v1i2.18.
[6] H. Angkasa dan M. V. Gandha, “Rumah Kopi,” J. Sains Teknol. Urban Peranc. Arsit. Stupa, vol. 1, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Sep 2019, doi: 10.24912/stupa.v1i1.4002.
[7] M. A. Spiller, “The Chemical Components of Coffee,” dalam Caffeine, CRC Press, 1998.
[8] F. W. Utami, M. K. Novianto, dan P. Alfath, “Situs Bersejarah di Kota Pusara Para Raja Sebagai Sarana Pembelajaran Pendidikan IPS Melalui Sudut Pandang Struktural Fungsional,” SOSEARCH Soc. Sci. Educ. Res., vol. 1, no. 1, hlm. 23–31, Nov 2020, doi: 10.26740/sosearch.v1n1.p23-31.
[9] J. J. Cheserek, “Performance of Interspecific Arabusta Coffee Hybrids for Yield, Cup Quality, and Disease Resistance.,” Thesis, University of Nairobi, 2020. Diakses: 27 Juli 2024. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/154205
[10] A. Hameed, S. A. Hussain, dan H. A. R. Suleria, “‘Coffee Bean-Related’ Agroecological Factors Affecting the Coffee,” dalam Co-Evolution of Secondary Metabolites, J.-M. Mérillon dan K. G. Ramawat, Ed., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020, hlm. 641–705. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-96397-6_21.
[11] L. F. Campuzano-Duque, J. C. Herrera, C. Ged, dan M. W. Blair, “Bases for the Establishment of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) as a New Crop for Colombia,” Agronomy, vol. 11, no. 12, Art. no. 12, Des 2021, doi: 10.3390/agronomy11122550.
[12] J. S, E. Sulfiana, Rainal, dan V. Lamba, “Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengupas Kulit Kopi Basah Kapasitas 120 Kg/Jam,” Pros. Semin. Nas. Teknol. Ind. SNTI, vol. 9, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Des 2022.
[13] R. Sutterfield, The Art of Being a Creature: Meditations on Humus and Humility. Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2024.
[14] E. T. Kembaren dan M. Muchsin, “Pengelolaan Pasca Panen Kopi Arabika Gayo Aceh,” J. Visioner Strateg., vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Mar 2021, Diakses: 27 Juli 2024. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://ojs.unimal.ac.id/index.php/visi/article/view/4827
[15] Darmein, R. Usman, dan Rusli, “Angle Setting Between Two Cutters’ Blades of Dried Areca Nut Peeling Machines Due to Increase Its Production,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 536, no. 1, hlm. 012091, Jun 2019, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/536/1/012091.
[16] H. B. S. Ginting, “Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Putaran Poros Terhadap Kualitas Pengupasan Pada Mesin Pengupas Kulit Ari Kopi Kering Dengan Kapasitas 100 Kg/Jam,” Thesis, Universitas Medan Area, 2022. Diakses: 27 Juli 2024. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://repositori.uma.ac.id/handle/123456789/19237
[17] S. Ancellotti, V. Fontanari, S. Slaghenaufi, E. Cortelletti, dan M. Benedetti, “Forming rectangular tubes into complicated 3D shapes by combining three-roll push bending, twisting and rotary draw bending: the role of the fabrication loading history on the mechanical response,” Int. J. Mater. Form., vol. 12, no. 6, hlm. 907–926, Nov 2019, doi: 10.1007/s12289-018-1453-0.
[18] D. S. Putra, S.-C. Chen, H.-H. Khong, dan F. Cheng, “Design and Implementation of a Machine-Learning Observer for Sensorless PMSM Drive Control,” Appl. Sci., vol. 12, no. 6, hlm. 2963, Mar 2022, doi: 10.3390/app12062963.
[19] H. Salem, O. ِAl Sabbah, dan H. Hosny, “The effectiveness of R&D in improving the efficiency of manual glass production,” Int. Des. J., vol. 10, no. 2, hlm. 321–331, Apr 2020, doi: 10.21608/idj.2020.81170.
[20] M. Bianchi, G. Marzi, dan M. Guerini, “Agile, Stage-Gate and their combination: Exploring how they relate to performance in software development,” J. Bus. Res., vol. 110, hlm. 538–553, Mar 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.003.
[21] M. Sari, H. Rachman, N. J. Astuti, M. W. Afgani, dan R. A. Siroj, “Explanatory Survey dalam Metode Penelitian Deskriptif Kuantitatif,” J. Pendidik. Sains Dan Komput., vol. 3, no. 01, Art. no. 01, 2023, doi: 10.47709/jpsk.v3i01.1953.
[22] B. Kitchenham, O. Pearl Brereton, D. Budgen, M. Turner, J. Bailey, dan S. Linkman, “Systematic literature reviews in software engineering – A systematic literature review,” Inf. Softw. Technol., vol. 51, no. 1, hlm. 7–15, Jan 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009.
[23] S. Siswadi, S. Riyadi, dan W. Nugroho, “Penerapan Mesin Teknologi Tepat Guna Penggiling Bumbu Pecel Kapasitas 5 Kg/Jam Bagi UMKM Sambi Kerep Surabaya,” Pengabdi. Masy. Dan Inov. Teknol. DIMASTEK, vol. 1, no. 02, Art. no. 02, Okt 2022, doi: 10.38156/dimastek.v1i02.32.
[24] I. Arango dan S. Muñoz Alzate, “Numerical Design Method for CVT Supported in Standard Variable Speed Rubber V-Belts,” Appl. Sci., vol. 10, no. 18, Art. no. 18, Jan 2020, doi: 10.3390/app10186238.
[25] N. Jahan, M. A. Hoque, M. S. I. Sheikh, dan M. A. Gulandaz, “Design and development of maize peeler for farmers in Bangladesh,” Agric. Eng. Int. CIGR J., vol. 21, no. 4, Art. no. 4, Des 2019.
[26] K. Baroroh dkk., “The Design of Pulper Machine To Increase Coffee Production Capacity In Realizing People’s Economy,” J. Din. Vokasional Tek. Mesin, vol. 8, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Apr 2023, doi: 10.21831/dinamika.v8i1.54508.
[27] F. Engelmann, K.-H. Grote, dan T. Guthmann, “Machine Elements,” dalam Springer Handbook of Mechanical Engineering, K.-H. Grote dan H. Hefazi, Ed., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021, hlm. 503–628. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47035-7_15.
[28] X. Li, R. Tao, Y. Xin, dan G. Lubineau, “Cassette-like peeling system for testing the adhesion of soft-to-rigid assemblies,” Int. J. Solids Struct., vol. 251, hlm. 111751, Sep 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2022.111751.
[29] D. F. Manurung, “Modifikasi Mesin Pembelah Pinang Tipe Dua Mata Pisau,” other, UNIVERSITAS JAMBI, 2023. Diakses: 27 Juli 2024. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://repository.unja.ac.id/
[30] S. Raseetha dkk., “7 - Disintegration with considerable changes in form: cutting/dicing, crushing and grinding, shredding, sheeting, and pulping,” dalam Postharvest and Postmortem Processing of Raw Food Materials, S. M. Jafari, Ed., Woodhead Publishing, 2022, hlm. 181–240. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818572-8.00004-8.
[31] R. Ramadhan, D. Syahputra, E. W. B. Siahaan, dan H. Sitanggang, “Rancang Bangun Alat Pengering Biji Pinang Menggunakan Pengering Tipe Hohenheim Dengan Kolektor Surya Berkapasitas 5 Kg/Jam,” J. Teknol. Mesin UDA, vol. 3, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Des 2022.
[32] G. Adamson, L. Wang, dan P. Moore, “Feature-based function block control framework for manufacturing equipment in cloud environments,” Int. J. Prod. Res., vol. 57, no. 12, hlm. 3954–3974, Jun 2019, doi: 10.1080/00207543.2018.1542178.
[33] R. Rifdarmon, P. N. Zofa, E. Alwi, dan D. Fernandez, “Torsi Dan Daya Sepeda Motor Matic 4 Tak Hasil Kemiringan Sudut Drive Pulley,” Ensiklopedia Educ. Rev., vol. 4, no. 3, Art. no. 3, Des 2022, doi: 10.33559/eer.v4i3.1543.
[34] F. M. Borém dan E. T. de Andrade, “Processing and Drying of Coffee,” dalam Drying and Roasting of Cocoa and Coffee, CRC Press, 2019.
[35] D. Darmawan, V. Genua, S. Kristianto, Murdaningsih, dan J. I. B. Hutubessy, Tanaman Perkebunan Prospektif Indonesia. Penerbit Qiara Media, 2021.
[36] M. Maâ€TMruf, K. Sukarti, E. Purnamasari, dan E. Sulistianto, “Penerapan produksi bersih pada industri pengolahan terasi skala rumah tangga di Dusun Selangan Laut Pesisir Bontang: Application cleaner production options on fermented shrimp processing industry in household scale in Selangan Laut, Bontang Waters,” Nusant. Trop. Fish. Sci. Ilmu Perikan. Trop. Nusant., vol. 1, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Jan 2022, doi: 10.30872/jipt.v1i1.423.