Ergonomic Assessment of Driver Posture in Prototype Vehicles for Kontes Mobil Hemat Energi (KMHE) Using CATIA
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Abstract
The ergonomic design of the cockpit is crucial for improving driver comfort and safety, particularly in prototype vehicles for energy efficiency competitions. This study evaluates the driver’s body posture using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) technique to propose design improvements that support better posture and reduce physical strain. The research methodology includes analyzing musculoskeletal risk levels through RULA, supported by the Human Activity Analysis tool in CATIA. The evaluation was conducted on the FT UNP prototype car in the Kontes Mobil Hemat Energi (KMHE), revealing a RULA score of 6, indicating a high risk of musculoskeletal issues. The findings suggest the need for redesigning the cockpit to enhance posture, including adjustments to the seat tilt, steering wheel position, and pedals. These ergonomic improvements are expected to reduce driver fatigue, enhance performance, and minimize injury risks.
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License and Copyright
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c): Wanda Afnison, Farid Khairul, Irzal Irzal, Milana Milana (2025)
How to Cite
Afnison, W., Khairul, F., Irzal, I., & Milana, M. (2025). Ergonomic Assessment of Driver Posture in Prototype Vehicles for Kontes Mobil Hemat Energi (KMHE) Using CATIA. MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering, 7(2), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.46574/motivection.v7i2.442
References
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[9] M. D. A.-G. Daffa Alya Radhwa T, “Meningkatkan Kenyamanan Dan Kesejahteraan Di Tempat Kerja: Peran Ergonomi Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Karyawan,” J. Ekon. Manaj. dan Akunt., vol. 1192, pp. 304–317, 2024.
[10] A. W. Putri and I. H. Susilowati, “Analisis Faktor Risiko Gangguan Otot Rangka Akibat Kerja Pada Pekerja Perkantoran di Instansi X Tahun 2023,” Natl. J. Occup. Heal. Saf., vol. 4, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.59230/njohs.v4i2.7644.
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[13] D. Andrian and R. Renilaili, “Pengukuran Tingkat Risiko Ergonomi Dengan Menggunakan Metode Ovako Working Analysis System (OWAS) Untuk Mengurangi Risiko Muscoleskeletal,” Integr. J. Ilm. Tek. Ind., vol. 6, no. 1, p. 32, 2021, doi: 10.32502/js.v6i1.3793.
[14] P. Aprillia and M. Rifai, “Hubungan masa kerja, postur kerja dan beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja industri genteng di desa Sidoluhur Sleman,” Period. Occup. Saf. Heal., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 31–40, 2022, doi: 10.12928/posh.v1i1.6401.
[15] H. Purnomo, “Antropometri dan Aplikasinya,” Graha Ilmu, p. 96, 2023.
[16] Noviardi, R. Syelly, and M. Andri, “Perancangan Alat Ukur Antrophometri Berbasis Internet of Things,” J. SIMTIKA Vol. 6, No 2, Mei 2023, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.undhari.ac.id/index.php/simtika/article/download/1090/458/5410
[17] E. J. Firdaus, K. Kusnadi, and P. A. Sujarno, “Penilaian Postur Tubuh Pekerja Dan Perbaikan Sistem Kerja Dengan Metode Rula Dan Reba Pada Pt. Sharp Electronics Indonesia,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 5170–5181, 2023, doi: 10.32672/jse.v8i2.5509.
[18] M. Lynn and N. Corlett, “RULA: A survey method for the investigation of work-related upper limb disorders,” Appl. Ergon., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 91–99, 1993.
[2] A. Pribadi, “Menteri ESDM: Cadangan Minyak Indonesia Tersedia untuk 9,5 Tahun dan Cadangan Gas 19,9 Tahun,” Jakarta Pusat, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/arsip-berita/menteri-esdm-cadangan-minyak-indonesia-tersedia-untuk-95-tahun-dan-cadangan-gas-199-tahun
[3] P. I. Purboputro, M. A. H, M. A. Saputro, and W. Setiyadi, “Uji Kemampuan Rancangan Sistem Kemudi , Transmisi , dan Pengereman pada Mobil Listrik Prototype ‘ Ababil ,’” Proceeding of The URECOL, no. Proceeding of The 7th University Research Colloquium 2018: Bidang Teknik dan Rekayasa, pp. 118–127, 2018, [Online]. Available: http://repository.urecol.org/index.php/proceeding/article/view/24
[4] L. Thawafani, F. N. Falah, C. Saraswati, F. C. Setiyawan, and H. Prasetyo, “Rancangan Ruang Kemudi menggunakan Ilmu Ergonomu pada Prototype Mobil Listrik ‘Ababil,’” Proceeding 8th Univ. Res. Colloq., pp. 89–96, 2018.
[5] D. Gunev and S. Iliev, “The basic geometric parameters of the driving position of a battery electric, prototype class vehicle for the Shell Eco-marathon competition,” AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 2439, no. October, pp. 1–11, 2021, doi: 10.1063/5.0069048.
[6] M. Fajar Santosa, M. Hairul Bahri, and M. Zainur Ridlo, “xx-xx Analisis Desain Kabin Driver pada Mobil Listrik 2kW Menggunakan Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA),” Natl. Multidiscip. Sci. UMJember Proceeding Ser., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 246–253, 2024, [Online]. Available: http://proceeding.unmuhjember.ac.id/index.php/nsm
[7] Y. E. N. Mario Sariski Dwi Ellianto, “Rancang Bangun dan Simulasi Pembebanan Statik pada Sasis Mobil Hemat Energi Kategori Prototype,” J. Engine Energi, Manufaktur, dan Mater., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 53–58, 2020.
[8] A. F. Hanafi, P. B. W. Wardhana, M. L. Umar, A. Finali, and W. Saputra, “Desain Dan Analisis Aerodinamis Body Mobil Hemat Energi Jogopati Tipe Prototype Menggunakan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics,” SINERGI POLMED J. Ilm. Tek. Mesin, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 100–112, 2024, doi: 10.51510/sinergipolmed.v5i2.1670.
[9] M. D. A.-G. Daffa Alya Radhwa T, “Meningkatkan Kenyamanan Dan Kesejahteraan Di Tempat Kerja: Peran Ergonomi Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Karyawan,” J. Ekon. Manaj. dan Akunt., vol. 1192, pp. 304–317, 2024.
[10] A. W. Putri and I. H. Susilowati, “Analisis Faktor Risiko Gangguan Otot Rangka Akibat Kerja Pada Pekerja Perkantoran di Instansi X Tahun 2023,” Natl. J. Occup. Heal. Saf., vol. 4, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.59230/njohs.v4i2.7644.
[11] H. B. Sukamdani, E. Kusnadi, and K. Sulistyadi, “Analisa Ergonomi Berdasarkan Praktikum Laboratorium Di Teknik Industri-Usahid Dan Penerapan Ergonomi Di Industri Garment ‘Ab,’” Gaung Inform., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 174–186, 2016.
[12] L. S. Tarwaka, Solichul Hadi A. Bakri, Ergonomi untuk Keselamatan, Kesehatan Kerja dan Produktivitas. 2016. [Online]. Available: http://shadibakri.uniba.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Buku-Ergonomi.pdf
[13] D. Andrian and R. Renilaili, “Pengukuran Tingkat Risiko Ergonomi Dengan Menggunakan Metode Ovako Working Analysis System (OWAS) Untuk Mengurangi Risiko Muscoleskeletal,” Integr. J. Ilm. Tek. Ind., vol. 6, no. 1, p. 32, 2021, doi: 10.32502/js.v6i1.3793.
[14] P. Aprillia and M. Rifai, “Hubungan masa kerja, postur kerja dan beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja industri genteng di desa Sidoluhur Sleman,” Period. Occup. Saf. Heal., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 31–40, 2022, doi: 10.12928/posh.v1i1.6401.
[15] H. Purnomo, “Antropometri dan Aplikasinya,” Graha Ilmu, p. 96, 2023.
[16] Noviardi, R. Syelly, and M. Andri, “Perancangan Alat Ukur Antrophometri Berbasis Internet of Things,” J. SIMTIKA Vol. 6, No 2, Mei 2023, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.undhari.ac.id/index.php/simtika/article/download/1090/458/5410
[17] E. J. Firdaus, K. Kusnadi, and P. A. Sujarno, “Penilaian Postur Tubuh Pekerja Dan Perbaikan Sistem Kerja Dengan Metode Rula Dan Reba Pada Pt. Sharp Electronics Indonesia,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 5170–5181, 2023, doi: 10.32672/jse.v8i2.5509.
[18] M. Lynn and N. Corlett, “RULA: A survey method for the investigation of work-related upper limb disorders,” Appl. Ergon., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 91–99, 1993.